What are the two types of court martial?

The correct answer identifies the two main types of court-martial within the military judicial system: Capital and General. A Capital court-martial is reserved for the most serious offenses, which can include capital punishment in extreme cases, and is presided over by one judge alongside a panel of twelve members or jurors. General courts-martial handle serious offenses as well but may involve various penalties short of the death penalty, typically featuring one judge and a panel of at least five members.

This classification reflects the severity of the offenses tried and the corresponding procedural differences. Understanding these types aids in grasping the structure and function of military justice, which is crucial for those engaged in military service or legal proceedings within the armed forces. The other options incorrectly pair types of proceedings or involve terms that do not relate directly to court-martial classifications.